Nested Knowledge

Bringing Systematic Review to Life

User Tools

Site Tools


wiki:autolit:search:pubmed

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revision Previous revision
wiki:autolit:search:pubmed [2023/10/16 18:17]
kevinkallmes [Agreement and Acknowledgement of PubMed / National Library of Medicine]
wiki:autolit:search:pubmed [2024/03/14 19:02] (current)
kevinkallmes
Line 1: Line 1:
 ====== Searching PubMed ====== ====== Searching PubMed ======
  
-PubMed searches on Nested Knowledge source information from the National Library of Medicine. +PubMed searches on Nested Knowledge source information from the National Library of Medicine.
  
 This doc describes how to use Boolean search to retrieve records from PubMed via [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/develop/api/|Application Program Interface]] (API). For advice on getting started, see also our [[https://about.nested-knowledge.com/2022/04/22/create-a-great-literature-search/|blog]] on constructing a query from the start! This doc describes how to use Boolean search to retrieve records from PubMed via [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/develop/api/|Application Program Interface]] (API). For advice on getting started, see also our [[https://about.nested-knowledge.com/2022/04/22/create-a-great-literature-search/|blog]] on constructing a query from the start!
Line 12: Line 12:
  
 When entering your search terms of interest, use: When entering your search terms of interest, use:
 +
   * AND/OR/NOT to separate terms,   * AND/OR/NOT to separate terms,
   * quotation marks to search for an exact term (which also turns off Automatic Term Mapping), and   * quotation marks to search for an exact term (which also turns off Automatic Term Mapping), and
   * parenthesis to dictate groupings and priority order   * parenthesis to dictate groupings and priority order
 +
 to narrow in on publications of interest. For example, to narrow in on publications of interest. For example,
  
 ''stroke AND (trevo OR solitaire) AND "modified Rankin Scale"'' ''stroke AND (trevo OR solitaire) AND "modified Rankin Scale"''
  
-will retrieve all PubMed-indexed publications that contain **all of the following** in all PubMed fields including title, abstract, or keywords:+will retrieve all PubMed-indexed publications that contain **all of the following**  in all PubMed fields including title, abstract, or keywords: 
   * The word stroke or similar terms to stroke (using [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#automatic-term-mapping|Automatic Term Mapping]] [ATM])   * The word stroke or similar terms to stroke (using [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#automatic-term-mapping|Automatic Term Mapping]] [ATM])
   * The word trevo or the word solitaire and associated ATM   * The word trevo or the word solitaire and associated ATM
   * The exact phrase "modified Rankin Scale."   * The exact phrase "modified Rankin Scale."
  
-Note: Asterisks are also Boolean operators and can be used for [[wiki:autolit:search:optimize#truncation|truncation]],+Note: Asterisks are also Boolean operators and can be used for [[:wiki:autolit:search:optimize#truncation|truncation]],
  
 ==== Using Search Fields and Filters ==== ==== Using Search Fields and Filters ====
  
-If you want to specify how a term will be interpreted by PubMed, specify the field in the following manner: +If you want to specify how a term will be interpreted by PubMed, specify the field in the following manner: ''term[FIELD]'', using one of PubMed's pre-specified fields (or filters), which will narrow how that specific term is interpreted.
-''term[FIELD]'', +
-using one of PubMed's pre-specified fields (or filters), which will narrow how that specific term is interpreted.+
  
 Fields and filters generally follow the structure of ''term[FIELD]'', but if the field is incorrectly spelled or not recognized, it will be ignored by PubMed and the term will be searched as plain text. Fields and filters generally follow the structure of ''term[FIELD]'', but if the field is incorrectly spelled or not recognized, it will be ignored by PubMed and the term will be searched as plain text.
Line 42: Line 43:
   * [MESH SUBHEADING]: Searches specific aspects or qualifiers of the MeSH heading. Learn more [[https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/indexing/training/SUB_010.html|here.]]   * [MESH SUBHEADING]: Searches specific aspects or qualifiers of the MeSH heading. Learn more [[https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/indexing/training/SUB_010.html|here.]]
  
-So, a search for ''stroke[MESH MAJOR TOPIC]'' will return only studies tagged with Major Topics at or under "stroke" in the MeSH hierarchy, while a search for ''stroke[MESH]'' will return any study tagged at or below "stroke" in the hierarchy. +So, a search for ''stroke[MESH MAJOR TOPIC]''  will return only studies tagged with Major Topics at or under "stroke" in the MeSH hierarchy, while a search for ''stroke[MESH]''  will return any study tagged at or below "stroke" in the hierarchy.
  
 Note: Use of field tags turns off Automatic Term Mapping (ATM). Note: Use of field tags turns off Automatic Term Mapping (ATM).
Line 49: Line 50:
  
 PubMed enables you to specify whether one of your terms of interest is one of the following: PubMed enables you to specify whether one of your terms of interest is one of the following:
 +
   * Author, by searching ''name[AUTHOR]'';   * Author, by searching ''name[AUTHOR]'';
   * Journal, by searching ''name[JOURNAL]'';   * Journal, by searching ''name[JOURNAL]'';
Line 58: Line 60:
  
 PubMed enables searches to be narrowed by the following [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#help-filters|study characteristics]]: PubMed enables searches to be narrowed by the following [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#help-filters|study characteristics]]:
 +
   * Publication type, by searching for one of PubMed's supported [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#publication-types|publication types]] using, for example, ''review[PT]'';   * Publication type, by searching for one of PubMed's supported [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#publication-types|publication types]] using, for example, ''review[PT]'';
   * Full Text available, by appending ''full text[SB]'';   * Full Text available, by appending ''full text[SB]'';
Line 64: Line 67:
   * And [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#help-filters|others]] (see full list here)   * And [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#help-filters|others]] (see full list here)
  
-For Publication Date limits, only the Year is required for the filter to function, and PubMed uses the year "3000" to represent all publications through to the present. So, for example, to search for all studies published from January 1st, 2015 to Present, you can use the simplified ''(2015[Date - Publication] : 3000[Date - Publication])''+For Publication Date limits, only the Year is required for the filter to function, and PubMed uses the year "3000" to represent all publications through to the present. So, for example, to search for all studies published from January 1st, 2015 to Present, you can use the simplified ''(2015[Date - Publication] : 3000[Date - Publication]'' and even the highly simplified ''(2015:3000[pdat])''
  
 === Filter by Study Contents === === Filter by Study Contents ===
  
 You can also narrow the section of the publication in question that your term will be searched within by specifying: You can also narrow the section of the publication in question that your term will be searched within by specifying:
 +
   * Title only, ''term[TITLE]''   * Title only, ''term[TITLE]''
   * Title or Abstract (TIAB), ''term[TITLE/ABSTRACT]''   * Title or Abstract (TIAB), ''term[TITLE/ABSTRACT]''
Line 77: Line 81:
 ===== Guidance on Search Creation ===== ===== Guidance on Search Creation =====
  
-While it is possible to simply enter your terms of interest, the following guidance (as well as this more in-depth [[wiki:autolit:search:optimize|search guide]]) helps narrow your search with the goal of finding as many relevant/includable records as possible, while returning as few irrelevant records as possible.+While it is possible to simply enter your terms of interest, the following guidance (as well as this more in-depth [[:wiki:autolit:search:optimize|search guide]]) helps narrow your search with the goal of finding as many relevant/includable records as possible, while returning as few irrelevant records as possible.
  
 ==== PICO Framework ==== ==== PICO Framework ====
  
-If you are searching for clinical studies and are seeking a framework for building out your search, you may consider using [[wiki:autolit:search:optimize#creating_search_terms_based_on_pico|PICO]] to organize your Patients, Interventions/Comparators, and Outcomes.+If you are searching for clinical studies and are seeking a framework for building out your search, you may consider using [[:wiki:autolit:search:optimize#creating_search_terms_based_on_pico|PICO]] to organize your Patients, Interventions/Comparators, and Outcomes.
  
 ==== Automatic Term Mapping ==== ==== Automatic Term Mapping ====
  
 When you search on PubMed, it will search not only for your term of interest but also use [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#automatic-term-mapping|Automatic Term Mapping]] (ATM) to find records with related terms. Specifically, ATM matches each individual term in your search against: When you search on PubMed, it will search not only for your term of interest but also use [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/#automatic-term-mapping|Automatic Term Mapping]] (ATM) to find records with related terms. Specifically, ATM matches each individual term in your search against:
 +
   * A Subject translation table (including MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)),   * A Subject translation table (including MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)),
-  * A Journals translation table,  +  * A Journals translation table, 
-  * The Author index, and +  * The Author index, and
   * An Investigator (Collaborator) index.   * An Investigator (Collaborator) index.
  
Line 96: Line 101:
  
 If your search was too narrow (and did not return the records you want to include), consider: If your search was too narrow (and did not return the records you want to include), consider:
 +
   * Adding new terms or synonyms with "OR"   * Adding new terms or synonyms with "OR"
   * Removing extraneous and highly specific terms   * Removing extraneous and highly specific terms
Line 101: Line 107:
  
 If your search was too broad (and returned more records than you want to screen, with a low 'hit rate'), consider: If your search was too broad (and returned more records than you want to screen, with a low 'hit rate'), consider:
 +
   * Removing general terms in favor of more specific ones,   * Removing general terms in favor of more specific ones,
   * Appending more "AND"- phrases, including filters for both concepts of interest and traits like study type or date   * Appending more "AND"- phrases, including filters for both concepts of interest and traits like study type or date
   * Adding quotation marks, where appropriate.   * Adding quotation marks, where appropriate.
  
-See also our guidance on [[wiki:autolit:search:optimize#number_of_records_when_to_stop|search size]]. +See also our guidance on [[:wiki:autolit:search:optimize#number_of_records_when_to_stop|search size]].
  
 ===== Sources and Copyright for PubMed Searches ===== ===== Sources and Copyright for PubMed Searches =====
Line 116: Line 122:
 Users of PubMed, including users of Nested Knowledge accessing PubMed via API, must comply with any relevant NLM policies, including attributing search results to PubMed or the National Library of Medicine, or otherwise acknowledge NLM as the source of the data in a clear and conspicuous manner. For details on use of data from PubMed, see [[https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download.html|the NLM's "Downloading NLM Data" guidance]]. Users of PubMed, including users of Nested Knowledge accessing PubMed via API, must comply with any relevant NLM policies, including attributing search results to PubMed or the National Library of Medicine, or otherwise acknowledge NLM as the source of the data in a clear and conspicuous manner. For details on use of data from PubMed, see [[https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download.html|the NLM's "Downloading NLM Data" guidance]].
  
-Nested Knowledge assumes no responsibility or liability associated with users' use of copyrighted material, including transmitting, reproducing, redistributing, or making commercial use of the data, and subject to Nested Knowledge's [[wiki:policies:copyright|Copyright Policy,]] Nested Knowledge may remove materials from users' projects.+Nested Knowledge assumes no responsibility or liability associated with users' use of copyrighted material, including transmitting, reproducing, redistributing, or making commercial use of the data, and subject to Nested Knowledge's [[:wiki:policies:copyright|Copyright Policy,]] Nested Knowledge may remove materials from users' projects.
  
  
wiki/autolit/search/pubmed.txt · Last modified: 2024/03/14 19:02 by kevinkallmes